Effects of Slow-speed Traditional Resistance Training, High-speed Resistance Training and Multicomponent Training With Variable Resistances on Molecular, Body Composition, Neuromuscular, Physical Function and Quality of Life Variables in Older Adults.

Human aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of multiple physiologic systems, with marked decreases in skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function and quality of life beginning in the sixth decade in life. These deleterious modifications have a significant impact upon mobility and ability to undertake daily living activities in elderly people. If we consider that, according to current projections, the proportion of the European population over 65 years will increase from 17% in 2010 to 30% in 2060 and that physical activity participation rates for older adults (\>60 years) remain low, with only 16% meeting the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines (11% for resistance training), we need to understand what type of training (strategy) can be the most effective for reverse physical impairments, and not only that, but which one obtains greater adherence and self-perception for contribute a healthier, active and more independent elderly population in the future. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of 20-week slow-speed traditional resistance training, high-speed resistance training and multicomponent training program with variable resistance (elastic bands) on molecular, body composition, neuromuscular, physical function and quality of life variables in older adults. This research also aims to evaluate if this novel types of training intervention (using variable resistances such as elastic bands in all the training programs and measure the intensity with the OMNI-RES perceived exertion specific for older adults) is feasible in this population, through analysis of adherence, intervention fidelity and self-perception reported.